7.6.5Net fair value gains (and losses)

See accounting policy D and E.

Net fair value gains (and losses) per category
20242023
Net fair value gains (and losses) on financial instruments measured at FVTPL
Investments
- Real estate equity funds219-203
- Mortgage equity funds50-5
- Government bonds-441814
- Corporate bonds210364
- Asset-backed securities1-6
- Other investment funds12381
- Other equity funds3230
- Mortgage loans982251
- Private loans87236
Investments related to direct participating insurance contracts3,2182,325
Derivatives-253956
Cash and cash equivalents23-4
4,2504,839
Net fair value gains (and losses) on financial instruments not measured at FVTPL
Net foreign exchange gains (and losses)-2-
Derecognition of financial liabilities at amortised cost--1
-2-1
Other net fair value gains (and losses)
Investment property, property for own use and plant211-91
211-91
Total net fair value gains (and losses)4,4594,747

Net fair value gains and losses are mainly due to movements in interest rates, revaluations and includes fair value gains and losses on assets acquired through the acquisition of Aegon NL. Net fair value gains and losses for investments related to direct participating insurance contracts are mainly due to movements in interest rates as well as movements in stock market prices.