O. Basis for consolidation - subsidiaries

The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of a.s.r. and its subsidiaries. Subsidiaries are those entities (which may include deemed separate entities, the so-called silos and investments on behalf of policyholders) over which a.s.r. has control. Control exists when a.s.r. is exposed, or has rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the subsidiary and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the subsidiary. This is the case if more than half of the voting rights may be exercised or if a.s.r. has control in any other manner. Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date on which control is acquired by a.s.r. and are deconsolidated when control ceases to exist.

A subsidiary’s assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities are measured at fair value on the acquisition date and are subsequently accounted for in accordance with a.s.r.’s accounting policies, which are consistent with IFRS.

Non-controlling interests are initially stated at their proportionate share in the fair value of the net assets on the acquisition date and are subsequently adjusted for the non-controlling interest in changes in the subsidiary’s equity.

Intragroup transactions

Intragroup balances and transactions between consolidated group companies are eliminated. Gains and losses on transactions between a.s.r. and associates and joint ventures are eliminated to the extent of a.s.r.’s interest in these entities.

P. Product classification

Insurance contracts are defined as contracts under which a.s.r. accepts significant insurance risk from policyholders by agreeing to compensate policyholders if a specified uncertain future event adversely affects the policyholder. These contracts are considered insurance contracts throughout the remaining term to maturity, irrespective of when the insured event occurs. In addition, these contracts can also transfer FR.

a.s.r. offers non-life insurance contracts and life insurance contracts.

Non-life insurance contracts

Non-life insurance contracts are contracts that provide cover that is not related to the life or death of insured persons. These insurance contracts are classified into the following categories: Disability, Health, P&C (motor, fire and liability) and Other.

Life insurance contracts

Life insurance contracts (in cash) include savings-linked mortgages, annuities, term insurance policies, savings contracts and funeral insurance contracts. In addition to non-participating life insurance contracts, the insurance portfolio also includes:

• Individual and group participating contracts;

• Individual contracts with DPF (see accounting policy J);

• Group contracts with segregated pools with return on investment guarantees.

Life insurance contracts on behalf of policyholders

Claims from these life insurance contracts are directly linked to the underlying investments. The investment risk and return are borne fully for policyholders (see accounting policy K). Life insurance contracts for the account and risk of policyholders generally consist of contracts where premiums, after deduction of costs and risk premium, are invested in unit-linked funds. For some individual contracts, a.s.r. guarantees returns on unit-linked investment funds. In addition, group contracts with segregated pools are classified as life insurance contracts on behalf of policyholders.

Q. Segment information

At organisational level, a.s.r.’s operations have been divided into five operating segments. The main segments are the Non-life and Life segment that include all insurance activities. The non-insurance activities are presented as three separate segments being the Asset Management, Distribution and Services and Holding and Other segment. There is a clear difference between the risk and return profiles of these five segments.

Intersegment transactions or transfers are conducted at arm’s length conditions. For detailed information per segment, see chapter 6.4.

R. Transaction date and settlement date

All purchases and sales of financial instruments, which have to be settled in accordance with standard market conventions, are recognised at the transaction date, which is the date on which a.s.r. becomes party to the contractual stipulations of the instrument. Any purchases and sales other than those requiring delivery within the time frame established by regulations or market conventions are accounted for as forward transactions until the time of settlement. See accounting policy I.

S. Securities lending

a.s.r. participates in securities lending transactions, whereby collateral is received in the form of securities or cash. Cash received as collateral is recognised in the balance sheet and a corresponding liability is recognised as liabilities arising from securities lending in ‘Due to banks’. Securities lent remain on the balance sheet. Securities received as collateral are not recognised in the balance sheet.

T. Statement of cash flows

The statement of cash flows classifies cash flows by operating activities, investing activities and financing activities. Cash flows denominated in foreign currencies are converted at the exchange rates applicable on the transaction date.

Cash flows from operating activities are reported using the indirect method. Cash flows from operating activities include result before tax, adjustments for gains and losses that did not result in income and payments in the same financial year, adjustments for movements in provisions, and accrued and deferred items.

The statement of cash flows recognises interest received and paid, and dividends received within cash flows from operating activities. Cash flows from purchasing and selling investments and investment property are included in cash flows from operating activities on a net basis. Dividends paid are recognised within cash flows from financing activities.

U. Property, plant and equipment

Property held for own use and plant

Property held for own use and plant, comprise of land, office buildings, wind farms and solar parks, are measured at fair value (revaluation model) based on annual valuations. The valuation are conducted by external independent valuators with adequate professional expertise and experience in the specific location and categories of properties or plant.

They are subsequently measured at fair value, including any unrealised fair value changes in equity, taking into account any deferred tax liabilities. For the method of determining the fair value reference is made to accounting policy B for investment property and plant.

Increase in the fair value exceeding the cost price is added to the revaluation reserve in shareholders’ equity, less deferred taxes. Decreases in the fair value that offset previous increases of the same asset, are charged against the revaluation reserve. The revaluation reserve cannot be negative. All other decreases in fair value are accounted for in the income statement. Increases that reverse a revaluation decrease on the same asset previously recognised in net result are recognised in the income statement.

Buildings, wind farms and solar parks are depreciated using the straight-line method based on expected useful life, taking into account their fair value amount, the residual value from the time when it is in the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management. The useful life of buildings is assessed annually for every individual component (component approach).

Repair and maintenance costs are charged to the income statement in the period in which they are incurred. Expenses incurred after the acquisition of an asset are capitalised if it is probable that the future economic benefits will flow to a.s.r. and the cost of the asset can be measured reliably.

Upon the sale of a property or plant, the part of the revaluation reserve related to the sold property or plant, within equity, is transferred to ‘other reserves’ and is not reclassified to the income statement. Therefore annually a transfer is also made from the revaluation reserve related to ‘other reserves’ in line with the depreciation recognised in the income statement for the revalued portion.

Equipment

Equipment is recognised at cost, less accumulated depreciation and/or any accumulated impairment losses. Cost corresponds with the cash paid or the fair value of the consideration given to acquire the asset.

Equipment is depreciated over its useful life, which is determined individually (usually between three and five years). Repair and maintenance costs are charged to the income statement in the period in which they are incurred. Expenses incurred after the acquisition of an asset are capitalised if it is probable that the future economic benefits will flow to a.s.r. and the cost of the asset can be measured reliably.

Accounting for borrowing costs attributable to the construction of property, plant and equipment is the same as accounting for borrowing costs attributable to investment property. For details, see accounting policy D.

Right-of-use assets

Right-of-use assets are recognised for lease contracts for which a.s.r. is the lessee. For more information reference is made to accounting policy BB.

V. Associates and joint ventures

Associates

Associates are entities over which a.s.r. has significant influence on operating and financial contracts, without having control. Generally, associates are accounted for using the equity method from the date at which a.s.r. acquires significant influence until the date at which such influence ceases. This means that associates are initially recognised at cost, including any goodwill paid. This value is subsequently adjusted to take account of a.s.r.’s share of the associate’s comprehensive income. Comprehensive income is adjusted in accordance with the accounting principles used by a.s.r.

Losses are accounted for until the carrying amount of the investment has reached zero. Further provisions are recognised only to the extent that a.s.r. has incurred legal or constructive obligations concerning these associates.

If objective evidence of impairment exists, associates are tested for impairment and, if necessary, written down.

When the application of the equity method produces information that is not relevant to the investors, a.s.r. may use the exemption of IAS 28 to measure the investments in those associates at fair value through profit or loss in accordance with IAS 39. a.s.r. applies fair value measurement for investments in real estate equity funds and mortgage equity funds, over which a.s.r. has significant influence.

Joint ventures

Joint ventures are contractual arrangements whereby a.s.r. and one or more parties undertake an economic activity that is subject to joint control. Joint control exists only when the strategic financial and operating decisions relating to the activity require the unanimous consent of the parties sharing control.

These interests are accounted for using the equity method as applied to associates. The interests are recognised in the financial statements from the date on which a.s.r. first obtains joint control until the date that this joint control ceases.

If objective evidence of impairment exists, joint ventures are tested for impairment and, if necessary an impairment is recognised in the income statement.

Joint operations

a.s.r. has a limited number of non-material joint operations. These are recognised in relation to a.s.r.’s interest in the joint operation’s individual balance sheet and income statement items.

W. Reinsurance contracts

Contracts that transfer a significant insurance risk from a.s.r. to third parties are accounted for as reinsurance contracts, and are classified as outgoing reinsurance.

The amounts that can be collected from reinsurers are estimated using a method that is in line with the reinsurance contract and the method for determining liabilities arising from reinsurance contracts.

Assets arising from reinsurance contracts are recognised under reinsurance contracts, except for current receivables from reinsurers, which are included under loans and receivables.

At each reporting date, a.s.r. assesses whether objective evidence of impairment exists. If a reinsurance asset is impaired, its carrying amount is reduced to its recoverable amount.

X. Other assets

Other assets include accrued investment and interest income, property developments, tax assets and accrued assets.

Property developments consist of property under development commissioned by third parties. Development property is measured at cost including any incremental costs (if a.s.r. expects to recover those costs), directly related costs to the contract (i.e. labour, materials, allocation of directly related costs, payments to subcontractors) and construction period interest, less any invoiced instalments and impairments.

Revenue on property development is primarily accounted for at the moment the property is sold. This is a performance obligation satisfied at a point in time. The point in time is the moment a customer obtains control of the promised asset.

Property developments which are sold can have guarantees (such as rent guarantees or construction guarantees), which may give rise to a separate performance obligation.

Y. Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include cash in hand, deposits held at call with banks, cash collateral and other short-term highly liquid investments that are not subject to a significant risk of changes in value. Cash and cash equivalents are measured at fair value through profit or loss.

Z. Equity

Share capital and share premium reserve

The share capital disclosed in the balance sheet consists of issued and fully paid-up ordinary shares. The share premium reserve comprises additional paid-in capital in excess of the par value of the shares.

Reserve for unrealised gains and losses

This reserve consists of:

• Unrealised gains and losses from assets available for sale net of tax and taking account of adjustments due to shadow accounting (see accounting policy J);

• The share of unrealised gains and losses of associates and joint ventures held by a.s.r. (see accounting policy V);

• Unrealised change in value of property for own use (see accounting policy U);

• Reserve for discretionary participation features (see accounting policy J);

• Reserve for exchange rate differences arising from assets available for sale.

Actuarial gains and losses

Actuarial gains and losses result from the post-employment benefit pension plans (see accounting policy M).

Retained earnings

Retained earnings also include other reserves.

Other equity instruments

This item represents the par value of the other equity instruments. Costs directly attributable to the equity issue and the tax impact thereof are recognised in retained earnings.

Treasury shares

Treasury shares are a.s.r.’s own ordinary shares that have been issued and subsequently reacquired by a.s.r. Treasury shares are deducted from equity, regardless of the objective of the transaction. No gain or loss is recognised in the income statement on the purchase, sale, issue or cancellation of the instruments. If sold, the difference between the carrying amount and the proceeds is reflected in retained earnings. The consideration paid or received is recognised directly in shareholders’ equity. All treasury shares are eliminated in the calculation of earnings per share and dividend per ordinary share.

Treasury shares are either required as part of the share buy-back programme, or acquired and resold as part of the employee share purchase plan, see chapter 6.7.6.

Non-controlling interest

The non-controlling interest relates to the equity in a consolidated subsidiary not attributable, directly or indirectly, to a.s.r. (see accounting policy O).

Dividends on ordinary share capital

Dividends on ordinary shares are recognised as a liability and recognised in equity when they are approved by a.s.r.’s shareholders. Interim dividends are recognised in equity when they are paid.

Dividends for the year that are approved after the reporting date are treated as an event after the reporting date.

Discretionary interest on other equity instruments

Discretionary interest on other equity instruments is recognised in equity upon payment. The related income tax on these equity instruments is recognised in the income statement.

AA. Financing

Financing includes borrowings, due to customers, due to banks, subordinated liabilities and other financial liabilities. On initial recognition, debt instruments and other loans are stated at fair value, net of transaction costs incurred. Subsequent valuation is at amortised cost. Any difference between the proceeds and the redemption value is recognised in the income statement over the period of the borrowings using the effective interest method. Lease liabilities are included under borrowings and measured in accordance with accounting policy BB.

BB. Leasing

A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for a consideration. For contracts that contain a lease component and one or more additional lease or non-lease components a.s.r. applies the practical expedient not to separate non-lease components from lease components.

At the commencement date of the lease, a.s.r. recognises a right-of-use asset and a lease liability. The right-of-use asset comprises the amount of the lease liability at initial measurement. The lease liability is measured at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at the commencement date. For vehicles, the lease payments are discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease. For other leases a.s.r.’s incremental borrowing rate is used.

Subsequently, the right-of-use asset is valued at cost less any cumulated depreciation and any accumulated impairment losses and adjusted for any remeasurement of the lease liability. The lease liability is increased with interest accrued and reduced for lease payments made. When applicable the lease liability is remeasured for changes in future payments resulting from a change in index or lease term.

The right-of-use assets are presented under property, plant and equipment. The lease liabilities are presented under borrowings.

CC. Insurance premiums

Non-life insurance premiums

Non-life insurance premiums are accounted for in the period in which they are earned. As indicated in accounting policy J, invoiced but not yet earned premiums are included under liabilities arising from insurance contracts.

Life insurance premiums

Life insurance premiums relating to life insurance contracts are recognised as income when received from policyholders. Liabilities arising from insurance contracts are recognised based on estimated future benefits and expenses, and charged to the income statement. These expenses are recorded within ‘insurance claims and benefits’. Therefore, in accordance with the matching principle, the profits are realised over the estimated term of the contracts.

DD. Investment income

Investment income primarily comprises interest income, dividends on equities and rentals from investment property.

Interest income

Interest income for all interest-bearing instruments is recognised using the effective interest method, including all transaction costs incurred and share premium / discount. When a receivable is impaired, its carrying amount is reduced to the recoverable amount, i.e. estimated future cash flows discounted at the original effective interest rate of the instrument.

Dividends

Dividend income is recognised in the income statement when a right to receive payment is established.

Rental income

Rental income from investment property is allocated to the period to which they relate.

EE. Realised gains and losses

Realised gains and losses include proceeds from the disposal of financial assets available for sale, associates and joint ventures and loans and receivables.

With respect to financial assets available for sale, realised gains or losses comprise:

• The proceeds from the sale or disposal of an asset or liability less the amortised cost of the asset or liability sold;

• Impairments previously recognised (except for equity instruments).

Any unrealised gains and losses previously recorded in equity (the difference between the carrying amount and amortised cost) are recognised in the income statement.

FF. Fair value gains and losses

Fair value gains and losses include realised and unrealised changes in the value of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss, derivatives and investment property held at fair value. With respect to derivatives, this is based on the fair value excluding accrued interest (clean fair value).

GG. Result on investments on behalf of policyholders

Investments on behalf of policyholders are measured at fair value through profit or loss. Any changes in value are recognised in result on investments on behalf of policyholders. This also includes interest income and dividends received on investments on behalf of policyholders.

HH. Result on investments related to investment contracts

Investments related to investment contracts are measured at fair value through profit or loss. Any changes in value are recognised in result on investments related to investment contracts. This also includes interest income and dividends received.

II. Fee and commission income

Determining the revenue to be recognised from fee and commission income relating to contracts with customers is based on a 5-step model:

Step 1 – Identifying the contract

Step 2 – Identify the performance obligation

Step 3 – Determining the transaction price

Step 4 – Allocating the transaction price to performance obligations

Step 5 – Recognising revenue when the performance obligation is satisfied.

A contract with a customer generally explicitly states the goods or services that a.s.r. promises to transfer to a customer. The transaction price is the amount of consideration to which a.s.r. expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring promised goods or services to a customer, excluding amounts collected on behalf of third parties. a.s.r. allocates the transaction price to each performance obligation in an amount that depicts the amount of consideration to which a.s.r. expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring the promised goods or services to the customer.

a.s.r. satisfies its performance obligation by transferring control of a good or service over time and as a result recognises revenue over time. a.s.r. determined that the output method is the best method in measuring progress of the related services because the selected measure reflects best the services for which control has transferred to the customer. a.s.r. recognises revenue on the basis of the time elapsed relative to the total term of performing the service.

Fee and commission income relates mainly to asset management, Distribution and services, investment contracts and reinsurance fees. These items are recognised as income in the period in which the services are performed. The asset management fees are periodically charged to the fund (or individual) customer for which the services were performed. The reinsurance and distribution and services fees are invoiced regularly with normal commercial payment terms.

JJ. Insurance claims and benefits

This item includes changes in liabilities arising from insurance contracts (see accounting policy J) and the related benefits. Expenses associated with contracts on behalf of policyholders relate to changes in liabilities arising from insurance contracts on behalf of policyholders, including the benefits charged to the liabilities.

KK. Operating expenses

This item relates to expenses associated with a.s.r.’s operations that are directly attributable to the reporting period, such as marketing costs, ICT expenses, consulting fees, business accommodation expenses, cost of temporary employees, and depreciation charges. Personnel expenses are mainly comprised of salaries, social security contributions and pension costs.

LL. Commission expenses

This mainly relates to commissions paid. Commission paid to acquire insurance contracts are charged to the income statement, generally within one year.

MM. Impairments

An asset is impaired when its carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. Impairment losses are recognised in the income statement as soon as they are identified. For details, see the relevant items of chapter 6.3.4 as mentioned earlier.

NN. Income tax expense

Income tax is based on result before tax, after any adjustments for previous periods and changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities using the tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period. Income tax is recognised in the period in which the income was earned.

Deferred taxes in respect of revalued assets and liabilities, whose value adjustments were directly credited or charged to equity, are taken to equity and, upon realisation, included in the income statement together with the value adjustments.

OO. Solvency II

In accordance with the Solvency II regulations (2009/138/EG art. 75 - 86), Solvency II figures are based on fair value.

Fair value measurement is based on the same fair value hierarchy described in the IFRS accounting policies (see accounting policy B).

Most important adjustments in the balance sheet, compared to IFRS, are the valuation of the (savings-linked) mortgage loans-portfolio and the liabilities arising from insurance contracts (including the risk margin). Basis of Solvency II Eligible own funds (EOF) is the excess of assets over liabilities, adjusted with some specific EOF-items (subordinated liabilities which classify as EOF under Solvency II and foreseeable dividend). The Solvency Capital Requirement (SCR) of a.s.r. is based on the standard model, including the calculation of the Loss Absorbing Capacity of Deferred Tax (LAC DT). The LAC DT methodology is reviewed and properly documented. Usage of the models is agreed upon with DNB.

The Solvency II ratio externally reported by a.s.r. is excluding financial institutions.